RTSP会话基本流程
RTSP交互流程: C表示RTSP客户端,S表示RTSP服务端 ① C->S: OPTION request //询问S有哪些方法可用 S->C: OPTION response //S回应信息中包括提供的所有可用方法② C->S: DESCRIBE request //要求得到S提供的媒体初始化描述信息
S->C: DESCRIBE response //S回应媒体初始化描述信息,主要是sdp③ C->S: SETUP request //设置会话属性,以及传输模式,提醒S建立会话
S->C: SETUP response //S建立会话,返回会话标识符及会话相关信息④ C->S: PLAY request //C请求播放
S->C: PLAY response //S回应请求信息 S->C: 发送流媒体数据⑤ C->S: TEARDOWN request //C请求关闭会话
S->C: TEARDOWN response //S回应请求上述的过程是标准的RTSP流程,其中第3步和第4步是必需的。
OpenCore在执行完PLAYER_SET_DATASOURCE,prepare之后,执行PLAYER_INIT时,如果发现datasource是rtsp流,则进入rtsp模块。
OpenCore的RTSP模块实现在Pvrtsp_client_engine_node.cpp中,PVRTSPEngineNode::SendRtspDescribe()描述了连接建立过程中的状态变化过程。 需要注意的时,opencore在发出OPTION request后,并不会等着收response,而是直接发DESCRIBE request,然后才开始收OPTION response和DESCRIBE response。Live555在RTSPServer.cpp中用RTSPServer::RTSPClientSession::incomingRequestHandler()来处理来自client端的request。
RTSP源码接收端使用样例:1 // RtstClientTest.cpp 2 #include "stdafx.h" 3 #include "RtspRequest.h" 4 #include "Rtp.h" 5 6 RtspRequest g_RtspRequest; 7 int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]) 8 { 9 // 接收10 string url = "rtsp://192.168.1.1:554/aacAudioTest";11 string setupName = "aacAudioTest";12 INT rtpPort = 8080;13 INT rtcpPort = rtpPort + 2;14 string sdp;15 INT64 sess;16 g_RtspRequest.Open(url.c_str(), "127.0.0.0", 0);17 g_RtspRequest.RequestOptions();18 g_RtspRequest.RequestDescribe(&sdp);19 g_RtspRequest.RequestSetup(setupName.c_str(), transportModeRtpUdp, rtpPort , rtcpPort , &sess);20 g_RtspRequest.RequestPlay();21 Rtp* pRtp = new Rtp();22 pRtp->Open("127.0.0.0", rtpPort);23 PBYTE pBuffer = new BYTE[1024*1024*10];24 int iRead;25 INT payloadType;26 WORD sequenceNumber;27 INT32 timeStamp;28 INT32 ssrc;29 while(TRUE) {30 iRead = pRtp->Read(pBuffer, 1024*1024*10, &payloadType, &sequenceNumber, &timeStamp, &ssrc);31 if (iRead > 0) {32 // save buff 33 }34 35 }36 delete pRtp;37 g_RtspRequest.RequestPause();38 g_RtspRequest.RequestTeardown();39 g_RtspRequest.Close();40 delete []pBuffer;41 42 return 0;43 }44 45 46 47 //
1.OPTION
目的是得到服务器提供的可用方法: OPTIONS rtsp://192.168.20.136:5000/xxx666 RTSP/1.0 CSeq: 1 //每个消息都有序号来标记,第一个包通常是option请求消息 User-Agent: VLC media player (LIVE555 Streaming Media v2005.11.10) 服务器的回应信息包括提供的一些方法,例如: RTSP/1.0 200 OK Server: UServer 0.9.7_rc1 Cseq: 1 //每个回应消息的cseq数值和请求消息的cseq相对应 Public: OPTIONS, DESCRIBE, SETUP, TEARDOWN, PLAY, PAUSE, SCALE, GET_PARAMETER //服务器提供的可用的方法 2.DESCRIBE C向S发起DESCRIBE请求,为了得到会话描述信息(SDP): DESCRIBE rtsp://192.168.20.136:5000/xxx666 RTSP/1.0 CSeq: 2 token: Accept: application/sdp User-Agent: VLC media player (LIVE555 Streaming Media v2005.11.10) 服务器回应一些对此会话的描述信息(sdp): RTSP/1.0 200 OK Server: UServer 0.9.7_rc1 Cseq: 2 x-prev-url: rtsp://192.168.20.136:5000 x-next-url: rtsp://192.168.20.136:5000 x-Accept-Retransmit: our-retransmit x-Accept-Dynamic-Rate: 1 Cache-Control: must-revalidate Last-Modified: Fri, 10 Nov 2006 12:34:38 GMT Date: Fri, 10 Nov 2006 12:34:38 GMT Expires: Fri, 10 Nov 2006 12:34:38 GMT Content-Base: rtsp://192.168.20.136:5000/xxx666/ Content-Length: 344 Content-Type: application/sdp v=0 //以下都是sdp信息 o=OnewaveUServerNG 1451516402 1025358037 IN IP4 192.168.20.136 s=/xxx666 u=http:/// e=admin@ c=IN IP4 0.0.0.0 t=0 0 a=isma-compliance:1,1.0,1 a=range:npt=0- m=video 0 RTP/AVP 96 //m表示媒体描述,下面是对会话中视频通道的媒体描述 a=rtpmap:96 MP4V-ES/90000 a=fmtp:96 profile-level-id=245;config=000001B0F5000001B509000001000000012000C888B0E0E0FA62D089028307 a=control:trackID=0//trackID=0表示视频流用的是通道0 3.SETUP 客户端提醒服务器建立会话,并确定传输模式: SETUP rtsp://192.168.20.136:5000/xxx666/trackID=0 RTSP/1.0 CSeq: 3 Transport: RTP/AVP/TCP;unicast;interleaved=0-1 User-Agent: VLC media player (LIVE555 Streaming Media v2005.11.10) //uri中带有trackID=0,表示对该通道进行设置。Transport参数设置了传输模式,包的结构。接下来的数据包头部第二个字节位置就是interleaved,它的值是每个通道都不同的,trackID=0的interleaved值有两个0或1,0表示rtp包,1表示rtcp包,接受端根据interleaved的值来区别是哪种数据包。 服务器回应信息: RTSP/1.0 200 OK Server: UServer 0.9.7_rc1 Cseq: 3 Session: 6310936469860791894 //服务器回应的会话标识符 Cache-Control: no-cache Transport: RTP/AVP/TCP;unicast;interleaved=0-1;ssrc=6B8B4567 4.PLAY 客户端发送播放请求: PLAY rtsp://192.168.20.136:5000/xxx666 RTSP/1.0 CSeq: 4 Session: 6310936469860791894 Range: npt=0.000- //设置播放时间的范围 User-Agent: VLC media player (LIVE555 Streaming Media v2005.11.10) 服务器回应信息: RTSP/1.0 200 OK Server: UServer 0.9.7_rc1 Cseq: 4 Session: 6310936469860791894 Range: npt=0.000000- RTP-Info: url=trackID=0;seq=17040;rtptime=1467265309 //seq和rtptime都是rtp包中的信息 5.TEARDOWN 客户端发起关闭请求: TEARDOWN rtsp://192.168.20.136:5000/xxx666 RTSP/1.0 CSeq: 5 Session: 6310936469860791894 User-Agent: VLC media player (LIVE555 Streaming Media v2005.11.10) 服务器回应: RTSP/1.0 200 OK Server: UServer 0.9.7_rc1 Cseq: 5 Session: 6310936469860791894 Connection: Close 以上方法都是交互过程中最为常用的,其它还有一些重要的方法如 get/set_parameter,pause,redirect等等 ps: sdp的格式 v=<version> o=<username> <session id> <version> <network type> <address type> <address> s=<session name> i=<session description> u=<URI> e=<email address> p=<phone number> c=<network type> <address type> <connection address> b=<modifier>:<bandwidth-value> t=<start time> <stop time> r=<repeat interval> <active duration> <list of offsets from start-time> z=<adjustment time> <offset> <adjustment time> <offset> .... k=<method> k=<method>:<encryption key> a=<attribute> a=<attribute>:<value> m=<media> <port> <transport> <fmt list> v = (协议版本) o = (所有者/创建者和会话标识符) s = (会话名称) i = * (会话信息) u = * (URI 描述) e = * (Email 地址) p = * (电话号码) c = * (连接信息) b = * (带宽信息) z = * (时间区域调整) k = * (加密密钥) a = * (0 个或多个会话属性行) 时间描述: t = (会话活动时间) r = * (0或多次重复次数) 媒体描述: m = (媒体名称和传输地址) i = * (媒体标题) c = * (连接信息 — 如果包含在会话层则该字段可选) b = * (带宽信息) k = * (加密密钥) a = * (0 个或多个媒体属性行) 参考文章:rfc2326(rtsp);rfc2327(sdp)RTSP点播消息流程实例(客户端:VLC, RTSP服务器:LIVE555 Media Server) 1) C(Client)-> M(Media Server) OPTIONS rtsp://192.168.1.109/1.mpg RTSP/1.0 CSeq: 1 user-Agent: VLC media player(LIVE555 Streaming Media v2007.02.20) 1) M -> C RTSP/1.0 200 OK CSeq: 1 Date: wed, Feb 20 2008 07:13:24 GMT Public: OPTIONS, DESCRIBE, SETUP, TEARDOWN, PLAY, PAUSE 2) C -> M DESCRIBE rtsp://192.168.1.109/1.mpg RTSP/1.0 CSeq: 2 Accept: application/sdp User-Agent: VLC media player(LIVE555 Streaming Media v2007.02.20) 2) M -> C RTSP/1.0 200 OK CSeq: 2 Date: wed, Feb 20 2008 07:13:25 GMT Content-Base: rtsp://192.168.1.109/1.mpg/ Content-type: application/sdp Content-length: 447 v=0 o =- 2284269756 1 IN IP4 192.168.1.109 s=MPEG-1 or 2 program Stream, streamed by the LIVE555 Media Server i=1.mpg t=0 0 a=tool:LIVE555 Streaming Media v2008.02.08 a=type:broadcast a=control:* a=range:npt=0-66.181 a=x-qt-text-nam:MPEG-1 or Program Stream, streamed by the LIVE555 Media Server a=x-qt-text-inf:1.mpg m=video 0 RTP/AVP 32 c=IN IP4 0.0.0.0 a=control:track1 m=audio 0 RTP/AVP 14 c=IN IP4 0.0.0.0 a=control:track2 3) C -> M SETUP rtsp://192.168.1.109/1.mpg/track1 RTSP/1.0 CSeq: 3 Transport: RTP/AVP; unicast;client_port=1112-1113 User-Agent: VLC media player(LIVE555 Streaming Media v2007.02.20) 3) M -> C RTSP/1.0 200 OK CSeq: 3 Date: wed, Feb 20 2008 07:13:25 GMT Transport: RTP/AVP;unicast;destination=192.168.1.222;source=192.168.1.109;client_port=1112-1113;server_port=6970-6971 Session: 3 4) C -> M SETUP rtsp://192.168.1.109/1.mpg/track2 RTSP/1.0 CSeq: 4 Transport: RTP/AVP; unicast;client_port=1114-1115 Session: 3 User-Agent: VLC media player(LIVE555 Streaming Media v2007.02.20) 4) M -> C RTSP/1.0 200 OK CSeq: 4 Date: wed, Feb 20 2008 07:13:25 GMT Transport: RTP/AVP;unicast;destination=192.168.1.222;source=192.168.1.109;client_port=1114-1115;server_port=6972-6973 Session: 3 5) C -> M PLAY rtsp://192.168.1.109/1.mpg/ RTSP/1.0 CSeq: 5 Session: 3 Range: npt=0.000- User-Agent: VLC media player(LIVE555 Streaming Media v2007.02.20) 5) M -> C RTSP/1.0 200 OK CSeq: 5 Range: npt=0.000- Session: 3 RTP-Info: url=rtsp://192.168.1.109/1.mpg/track1;seq=9200;rtptime=214793785,url=rtsp://192.168.1.109/1.mpg/tr